26 Novembre 2018. L’agriculture de conservation au Maghreb. Les agriculteurs font évoluer leurs pratiques. FERT. Novembre 2018. 21 pages
Fert is a French association for international cooperation for agricultural development in developing and emerging countries. This report summarizes Fert’s collaboration with farmers and other stakeholders in conservation agriculture in the Maghreb, who have been at the heart of the thinking and action. They carry within them a capital of experience to share.
Au Maghreb, où cette pratique a été introduite à partir des années 1980, son adoption est restée limitée, malgré les réponses qu’elle peut apporter aux défis de préservation des sols et des rendements, de réduction de coûts de production et d’adaptation au changement climatique.
Au Maghreb, au cours des dernières décennies, la croissance démographique a généré d’importants besoins alimentaires, conduisant à une intensification de l’utilisation agricole des sols. La région a connu des sécheresses récurrentes associées à des périodes de pluies importantes concentrées sur des périodes très courtes affectant des sols nus ou peu couverts.
La forte demande en céréales et les contraintes socioéconomiques des agriculteurs ont également conduit à une simplification des pratiques culturales (rotations restreintes voire monoculture, réduction des jachères, diminution des apports d’engrais et de fumure) et ont occasionné une forte dégradation des sols : érosion éolienne et hydrique, perte de fertilité des sols, avec pour conséquences une baisse des rendements et des revenus. Dans un environnement autant exposé aux effets du changement climatique et composé en grande majorité d’agriculture pluviale, il devient essentiel d’adopter des pratiques qui valorisent au mieux la ressource en eau.
30 ans d’engagement et de coopération pour les agriculteurs au Maghreb
Source: PAEPARD FEED
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